基于多通道盲识别的自适应光学图像事后处理

为实时恢复天文或空间目标的湍流退化成像,提出一种适应大气湍流动态变化的多通道自适应光学图像恢复方法.以自适应光学校正后不同时刻的目标成像作为多个通道,建立求解系统点扩散函数的线性方程,根据解出的点扩散函数利用超拉普拉斯算法,求解待观测目标的估计值.结果表明:不同时刻的点扩散函数之间存在互质关系,满足多通道盲识别的理论要求.利用建立的线性方程求解出的点扩散函数与原点扩散函数的均方误差在10^-30~10^-27量级,采用超拉普拉斯算法恢复出的目标成像与原始目标之间的均方误差在10^-5~10^-4量级.本文研究为湍流退化图像的实时恢复提供了理论基础.     

大型公共建筑工程质量保险纯费率厘定研究——基于GLM及GAM的实证比较分析

为准确地厘定大型公共建筑工程质量的保险纯费率，通过文献分析及调研，对影响大型公共建筑工程质量的因素进行了研究，提炼出11项保险费率因子。以46栋竣工于1993—2016年的大型公共建筑为工程数据集，在频率-强度法基础上，基于Poisson、Negative Binomial、Gamma、Inverse Gauss等分布的假设，利用广义线性模型及广义可加模型建立了8个工程质量保险纯费率厘定模型，通过比较选择最优模型，并对模型进行了验证。结果表明，所建模型可用于大型公共建筑工程质量保险纯费率厘定。     

Degradation of methylparaben by sonocatalysis using a Co–Fe magnetic carbon xerogel

The degradation of methylparaben (MP) through 20 kHz ultrasound coupled with a bimetallic Co-Fe carbon xerogel (CX/CoFe) was investigated in this work. Experiments were performed at actual power densities of 25 and 52 W/L, catalyst loadings of 12.5 and 25 mg/L, MP concentrations between 1 and 4.2 mg/L and initial pH values between 3 and 10 in ultrapure water (UPW). Matrix effects were studied in bottled water (BW) and secondary treated wastewater (WW), as well as in UPW spiked with bicarbonate, chloride or humic acid. The pseudo–first order kinetics of MP degradation increase with power and catalyst loading and decrease with MP concentration and matrix complexity; moreover, the reaction is also favored at near–neutral conditions and in the presence of dissolved oxygen. The contribution of the catalyst is synergistic to the sonochemical degradation of MP and the extent of synergy is quantified to be >45%. This effect was ascribed to the ability of CX/CoFe to catalyze the dissociation of hydrogen peroxide, formed through water sonolysis, to hydroxyl radicals. Experiments in UPW spiked with an excess of tert-butanol (radical scavenger), sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium acetate (surfactants) led to substantially decreased rates (i.e. by about 8 times), thus implying that the liquid bulk and the gas-liquid interface are major reaction sites. The stability of CX/CoFe was shown by performing reusability cycles employing magnetic separation of the catalyst after the treatment stage. It was found that the CX/CoFe catalyst can be reused in up to four successive cycles without noteworthy variation of the overall performance of the sonocatalytic process.     

Quantitative characterization of holographic displays based on liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator

This report discusses the effect of speckle size on the quality of holographic images based on a liquid-crystal-on-silicon (LCoS) spatial light modulator (SLM). Further, it proposes methods of quantifying the average speckle size and holographic image resolution. These methods enable both characteristics to be compared using the same unit (the number of pixels in the holographic image), providing an intuitive and effective comparative analysis method. In particular, by varying the LCoS resolution ratio, the change in the resolvable minimum pixels of the holographic image is interpreted in conjunction with the average speckle size; moreover, an analysis of the correlation between the latter two is presented. This approach, based on LCoS resolution division, could provide useful insights into single-SLM-based, full-color holographic displays using space division. Furthermore, it could be extended to other components, including more advanced LCoS SLMs, and used to identify the relative effects on image quality with speckles.     

Determinación de la presión sonora radiada por pistones circulares y anillos no planos usando un método numérico simplificado

Although the study of the sound pressure radiation from membranes and plates is not new, current and future applications have produced a large body of recent research in the field. Several works have been published on the radiation from general plane surfaces and some particular geometries such as rectangular, circular, elliptic and annular. However, the case of sound radiation from non-planar axisymmetric rings that could be applied to the design of coaxial loudspeakers has not received much attention. In this article, a simplified numerical approach for determining the sound pressure radiated from symmetric non-planar pistons and rings is presented. The method can also include those cases having a radially-symmetric velocity distribution.     

Simultaneous determination of eight components in Angelica sinensis based on UHPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS method for quality evaluation

A method employing ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) for determination of eight components including ferulic acid, senkyunolide A, butylphthalide, ligustilide, butylidenephalide, senkyunolide I, senkyunolide H and levistolide A in Angelica sinensis was established. The separation was carried out using a Waters ACQUITY UHPLC BEH C₁₈ column with gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid aqueous and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Good linearity was attained with R² of 0.9983–0.9998 in wide concentration ranges. The method had limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) in the range of 0.42–6.98 ng/mL and 1.39–23.28 ng/mL, respectively. Intra‐ and inter‐day precisions varied with relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 0.33% to 0.88% and 0.37% to 1.04%, respectively. Moreover, the average recoveries were in a satisfactory range of 92.7%–102.1% with RSDs of less than 3.60%. Finally, the method was successfully applied to analyze 19 batches of A. sinensis samples grown in Min County, Gansu province, China, as well as that collected in other regions. The findings indicated that the established method is reliable and may thus be applied as a powerful tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis of components in A. sinensis, which has its implications in quality control of A. sinensis.     

In vitro anticomplementary activity and quality evaluation of dried blossoms of Inula nervosa Wall. from different geographical origins

Blossoms of Inula nervosa Wall. (BINW) are traditionally used as an analgesic and antitussive in China. In this study, in vitro anticomplementary activities of crude extract from BINW in 21 batches and of extracts of four monomeric compounds were evaluated by the classical pathway. The effect of the region of origin on the quality of BINW was evaluated by fingerprint analysis for the first time. Furthermore, chemometric methods including similarity analysis and principal component analysis were employed to evaluate the quality of BINW. The nine major monomeric compounds were quantitated by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography. All nine analytes demonstrated excellent linearity with recoveries ranging from 97.25% to 102.76%. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.07–12.20 μg/mL and 0.22–40.27 μg/mL, respectively. Results indicate that different regions of origin have a significant effect on the quality of BINW. Fingerprint analysis in combination with chemometrics and multi‐ingredient determination is an efficient and reliable approach for quality evaluation. The BINW samples from Yunnan had the highest ratio of 1,5‐dicaffeoylquinic acid and thymol; they also exhibited significantly higher anticomplementary activity than those from three other areas. This study successfully established a rapid and efficient method to evaluate the quality and biological activity of BINW.     

JEM-2100PLUS透射电子显微镜操作方法与技巧及常见故障排除

以JEM-2100PLUS透射电子显微镜为例，介绍了电镜的基本结构、操作面板和成像原理。使用透射电子显微镜的最终目的就是要得到高质量的照片，结合透射电镜的操作步骤，总结了如何拍摄高质量的照片以及常见故障排除方法。     

大同市居民对室内空气质量认知程度的调查

为了解大同市居民对室内空气质量的认知情况，并分析认知程度与教育的关系，于2016年3月至5月，在大同市城区的9个社区随机对居民进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括居民对室内空气质量安全知识的了解，检测室内空气质量的意愿和治理意愿3个方面。将居民所处地域、居民的年龄与学历对室内空气质量安全认知程度的影响分别进行统计学分析。结果表明，大同市居民室内空气质量安全认知程度总体得分15.8，得分率为52.7%；新城区的居民对室内空气质量安全认知水平高于老城区居民（p<0.05）；学历越高且越年轻的居民对室内空气质量安全的认知水平越高，寻求有关机构进行室内空气检测和治理的意愿更强烈，且对检测和治理的费用承受度较高。大同市居民对室内空气质量安全认知程度总体不高，还应加强对市民的室内空气质量安全方面的教育。